Cecilia Payne-Gaposchkin

Cecilia Payne-Gaposchkin
Cecilia Payne-Gaposchkin in group photograph of the Fourth IAU General Assembly, taken September, 1932. Harvard Plate Stacks.

Cecilia Payne-Gaposchkin (1900-1979) was a British–American astronomer associated with the Women Astronomical Computers, a group of female astronomers and analysts at Harvard College Observatory (HCO). She discovered the chemical composition of stars and, in particular, that hydrogen and helium are the most abundant elements in stars. From star spectra, she determined stellar temperatures and chemical abundances using the thermal ionization equations of Meghnad Saha. Her work was of fundamental importance in the development of the field of stellar atmospheres, and her observations and analyses of variable stars laid the foundation for their use as indicators of galactic structure.

Read on for stories about Cecilia's life, work process, and contributions to science!

 

Select Publications

Payne, Cecilia H. 1925. “Stellar Atmospheres: A Contribution to the Observational Study of High Temperature in the Reversing Layers of Stars.” Ph.D. thesis. https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1925PhDT.........6P.

Payne-Gaposchkin, Cecilia. 1964. The Galactic Novae. In New York: Dover Publication. https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1964gano.book.....P.

Payne-Gaposchkin, Cecilia. 1971. “The Variable Stars of the Large Magellanic Cloud.” Smithsonian Contributions to Astrophysics 13 (January). https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1971SCoA...13.....P.

Research Resources

Popular Media & Commemoration

Patera on Venus named for her

Minor Planet/Asteroid named for her

The Lightest Element, the 2024 theatrical play by Stella Feehily about Cecilia Payne-Gaposchkin set in the 1950's.